Ashwagandha leaf extract: a potential agent in treating oxidative damage and physiological abnormalities seen in a mouse model of Parkinson's disease.

Neurosci Lett. 2009 Apr 17; 454(1): 11-5Rajasankar S, Manivasagam T, Surendran SParkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that leads to impairment of balance and coordination. Therapy for the disease is still under investigation. Withania somnifera (A-Extract), a herbal medicine, has been known for a spectrum of health-promoting effects including activation of immune, muscle and neuronal systems. Therefore effect of A-Extract in the mouse model of PD was examined. The midbrain and corpus striatum of PD mouse showed increased levels of superoxide dismutase, catalase and malondialdehyde; and reduced levels of glutathione and glutathione peroxidase compared to the control. Treatment with A-Extract 100mg/kg for 7 days significantly improved all these enzyme levels compared to A-Extract untreated PD mouse brain. In the PD mouse grooming, stride length, movement, rearing were found to be decreased compared to the control. In addition, narrow beam walk and foot slippery errors were increased. Treatment with A-Extract improved all these physiological abnormalities. These data suggests that A-Extract is a potential drug in treating oxidative damage and physiological abnormalities seen in the PD mouse, if documented also in patients with PD.

Potential risks associated with the use of herbal anti-obesity products.

Drug Saf. 2009; 32(6): 453-6Chan TYThe public wants an easy way to control obesity. Herbal anti-obesity products attract users because of their health claims, assumed safety, easy availability and extensive marketing. These products can be very heterogeneous in nature and have unpredictable levels of active ingredients, and unpredictable and potentially harmful effects. They may contain highly toxic herbs (e.g. Aristolochia species), potent herbs not recommended for use in weight control (e.g. Ephedra sinica) and herbal laxatives with potential hepatotoxic and nephrotoxic effects (e.g. anthraquinones). However, the presence of such herbs may not be disclosed on the product label. They may contain adulterants (e.g. drugs, drug analogues and thyroid extracts), including drugs that have been withdrawn from the market (e.g. fenfluramine). For all these reasons, herbal anti-obesity products can cause direct toxicity or adverse interactions with concurrent medications. Physicians and other healthcare professionals need to be aware of the problem. They should warn their patients about the heterogeneous nature of these agents and the potential risks associated with their use. They should report suspected adverse reactions to their national spontaneous reporting system.